1 Chronicles 5:25

Authorized King James Version

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And they transgressed against the God of their fathers, and went a whoring after the gods of the people of the land, whom God destroyed before them.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּֽמְעֲל֔וּ And they transgressed H4603
וַיִּֽמְעֲל֔וּ And they transgressed
Strong's: H4603
Word #: 1 of 12
properly, to cover up; used only figuratively, to act covertly, i.e., treacherously
אֱלֹהִ֖ים against the God H430
אֱלֹהִ֖ים against the God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 2 of 12
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
אֲבֹתֵיהֶ֑ם of their fathers H1
אֲבֹתֵיהֶ֑ם of their fathers
Strong's: H1
Word #: 3 of 12
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
וַיִּזְנ֗וּ and went a whoring H2181
וַיִּזְנ֗וּ and went a whoring
Strong's: H2181
Word #: 4 of 12
to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (
אַֽחֲרֵי֙ after H310
אַֽחֲרֵי֙ after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 5 of 12
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
אֱלֹהִ֖ים against the God H430
אֱלֹהִ֖ים against the God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 6 of 12
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
עַמֵּי of the people H5971
עַמֵּי of the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 7 of 12
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
הָאָ֔רֶץ of the land H776
הָאָ֔רֶץ of the land
Strong's: H776
Word #: 8 of 12
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 9 of 12
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
הִשְׁמִ֥יד destroyed H8045
הִשְׁמִ֥יד destroyed
Strong's: H8045
Word #: 10 of 12
to desolate
אֱלֹהִ֖ים against the God H430
אֱלֹהִ֖ים against the God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 11 of 12
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
מִפְּנֵיהֶֽם׃ before H6440
מִפְּנֵיהֶֽם׃ before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 12 of 12
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

Analysis & Commentary

They transgressed (מָעֲלוּ ma'alu) uses the same Hebrew root as the trespass offering, signifying covenant violation at the deepest level—not mere sin but betrayal of relationship. Went a whoring after (וַיִּזְנוּ אַחֲרֵי vayyiznu acharei) employs the graphic metaphor of prostitution, portraying idolatry as spiritual adultery against Yahweh the covenant Husband (cf. Hosea's marriage).

The irony is devastating: they pursued the gods of the people of the land, whom God destroyed before them—worshiping the deities of conquered nations whose impotence had been demonstrated through Israel's conquest. The trans-Jordanian tribes (Reuben, Gad, half-Manasseh) who had received their inheritance first now forfeit it first through apostasy, foreshadowing their exile by Assyria (v. 26).

The Chronicler emphasizes the God of their fathers (אֱלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵיהֶם)—covenant continuity from Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—highlighting that their sin wasn't ignorance but willful rejection of known grace. This pattern of prosperity leading to apostasy (Deuteronomy 8:11-20) haunts Israel's history and warns against the prosperity gospel's dangers.

Historical Context

Written after Babylonian exile (c. 450-400 BC) to returned Israelites rebuilding Jerusalem, this warning about the trans-Jordanian tribes had prophetic fulfillment. These tribes fell first to Assyrian conquest (732 BC under Tiglath-Pileser III), a century before Judah's exile. The Chronicler uses their apostasy to explain why they were the first to lose their inheritance—a cautionary tale for post-exilic Judah facing similar temptations to syncretism with Persian and Samaritan religious practices.

Questions for Reflection